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从零开始设置 Linux 环境下的工具链
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:link_to_translation:`en:[English]`
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除了从乐鑫官网直接下载已编译好的二进制工具链外，您还可以按照本文介绍，从头开始设置自己的工具链。如需快速使用已编译好的二进制工具链，可回到 :doc:`linux-setup` 章节。
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安装准备
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=====================
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编译 ESP-IDF 需要以下软件包：
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- CentOS 7::
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sudo yum install git wget ncurses-devel flex bison gperf python pyserial python-pyelftools cmake ninja-build ccache
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- Ubuntu 和 Debian::
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sudo apt-get install git wget libncurses-dev flex bison gperf python python-pip python-setuptools python-serial python-click python-cryptography python-future python-pyparsing python-pyelftools cmake ninja-build ccache libffi-dev libssl-dev
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- Arch::
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sudo pacman -S --needed gcc git make ncurses flex bison gperf python-pyserial python-click python-cryptography python-future python-pyparsing python-pyelftools cmake ninja ccache
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.. note::
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使用 ESP-IDF 需要 CMake 3.5 或以上版本。较早版本的 Linux 可能需要升级才能向后移植仓库，或安装 "cmake3" 软件包，而不是安装 "cmake"。
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从源代码编译工具链
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=================================
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安装依赖项：
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- CentOS 7::
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sudo yum install gawk gperf grep gettext ncurses-devel python python-devel automake bison flex texinfo help2man libtool make
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- Ubuntu pre-16.04::
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sudo apt-get install gawk gperf grep gettext libncurses-dev python python-dev automake bison flex texinfo help2man libtool make
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- Ubuntu 16.04 或以上 ::
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sudo apt-get install gawk gperf grep gettext python python-dev automake bison flex texinfo help2man libtool libtool-bin make
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- Debian 9::
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sudo apt-get install gawk gperf grep gettext libncurses-dev python python-dev automake bison flex texinfo help2man libtool libtool-bin make
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- Arch::
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TODO
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创建工作目录，并进入该目录::
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mkdir -p ~/esp
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cd ~/esp
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下载并编译 ``crosstool-NG`` ：
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.. include:: /_build/inc/scratch-build-code.inc
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编译工具链::
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./ct-ng xtensa-esp32-elf
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./ct-ng build
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chmod -R u+w builds/xtensa-esp32-elf
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编译得到的工具链会被保存到 ``~/esp/crosstool-NG/builds/xtensa-esp32-elf``。请按照 :ref:`标准设置指南 <setup-linux-toolchain-add-it-to-path-legacy>` 的介绍，将工具链添加到 ``PATH``。
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后续步骤
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==========
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继续设置开发环境，请前往 :ref:`get-started-get-esp-idf` 章节。
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