!4452 used setting LINK_LIBRARIES and INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES to link
components built under ESP-IDF build system. However, LINK_LIBRARIES does
not produce behavior same as linking PRIVATE. This MR uses the new
signature for target_link_libraries directly instead. This also moves
setting dependencies during component registration rather than after all
components have been processed.
The consequence is that internally, components have to use the new
signature form as well. This does not affect linking the components to
external targets, such as with idf_as_lib example. This only affects
linking additional libraries to ESP-IDF libraries outside component processing (after
idf_build_process), which is not even possible for CMake<v3.13 as
target_link_libraries is not valid for targets not created in current
directory. See https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.13/policy/CMP0079.html#policy:CMP0079
Removes the need to know/guess the paths to these libraries. Once we are gcc 8 only, we
can remove -nostdlib and no additional arguments are needed for system libraries.
The catch is: any time IDF overrides a symbol in the toolchain sysroot, we need
an undefined linker marker to make sure this symbol is seen by linker.
* Philosophical: "explicit is better than implicit".
* Practical: Allows useful errors if invalid directories given in components as the defaults aren't
always used. Also trims the -I path from a number of components that have no actual include
directory.
* Simplifies knowing which components will be header-only and which won't
