OVMS3-idf/components/bootloader_support/src/bootloader_utility.c

// Copyright 2018 Espressif Systems (Shanghai) PTE LTD
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
#include <string.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <sys/param.h>

#include "esp_attr.h"
#include "esp_log.h"

#include "rom/cache.h"
#include "rom/efuse.h"
#include "rom/ets_sys.h"
#include "rom/spi_flash.h"
#include "rom/crc.h"
#include "rom/rtc.h"
#include "rom/uart.h"
#include "rom/gpio.h"
#include "rom/secure_boot.h"

#include "soc/soc.h"
#include "soc/cpu.h"
#include "soc/rtc.h"
#include "soc/dport_reg.h"
#include "soc/io_mux_reg.h"
#include "soc/efuse_reg.h"
#include "soc/rtc_cntl_reg.h"
#include "soc/timer_group_reg.h"
#include "soc/gpio_reg.h"
#include "soc/gpio_sig_map.h"

#include "sdkconfig.h"
#include "esp_image_format.h"
#include "esp_secure_boot.h"
#include "esp_flash_encrypt.h"
#include "esp_flash_partitions.h"
#include "bootloader_flash.h"
#include "bootloader_random.h"
#include "bootloader_config.h"
#include "bootloader_common.h"
#include "bootloader_utility.h"
#include "bootloader_sha.h"

static const char* TAG = "boot";

/* Reduce literal size for some generic string literals */
#define MAP_ERR_MSG "Image contains multiple %s segments. Only the last one will be mapped."

static void load_image(const esp_image_metadata_t* image_data);
static void unpack_load_app(const esp_image_metadata_t *data);
static void set_cache_and_start_app(uint32_t drom_addr,
    uint32_t drom_load_addr,
    uint32_t drom_size,
    uint32_t irom_addr,
    uint32_t irom_load_addr,
    uint32_t irom_size,
    uint32_t entry_addr);

bool bootloader_utility_load_partition_table(bootloader_state_t* bs)
{
    const esp_partition_info_t *partitions;
    const char *partition_usage;
    esp_err_t err;
    int num_partitions;

    partitions = bootloader_mmap(ESP_PARTITION_TABLE_OFFSET, ESP_PARTITION_TABLE_MAX_LEN);
    if (!partitions) {
        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "bootloader_mmap(0x%x, 0x%x) failed", ESP_PARTITION_TABLE_OFFSET, ESP_PARTITION_TABLE_MAX_LEN);
        return false;
    }
    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "mapped partition table 0x%x at 0x%x", ESP_PARTITION_TABLE_OFFSET, (intptr_t)partitions);

    err = esp_partition_table_verify(partitions, true, &num_partitions);
    if (err != ESP_OK) {
        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to verify partition table");
        return false;
    }

    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Partition Table:");
    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "## Label            Usage          Type ST Offset   Length");

    for(int i = 0; i < num_partitions; i++) {
        const esp_partition_info_t *partition = &partitions[i];
        ESP_LOGD(TAG, "load partition table entry 0x%x", (intptr_t)partition);
        ESP_LOGD(TAG, "type=%x subtype=%x", partition->type, partition->subtype);
        partition_usage = "unknown";

        /* valid partition table */
        switch(partition->type) {
        case PART_TYPE_APP: /* app partition */
            switch(partition->subtype) {
            case PART_SUBTYPE_FACTORY: /* factory binary */
                bs->factory = partition->pos;
                partition_usage = "factory app";
                break;
            case PART_SUBTYPE_TEST: /* test binary */
                bs->test = partition->pos;
                partition_usage = "test app";
                break;
            default:
                /* OTA binary */
                if ((partition->subtype & ~PART_SUBTYPE_OTA_MASK) == PART_SUBTYPE_OTA_FLAG) {
                    bs->ota[partition->subtype & PART_SUBTYPE_OTA_MASK] = partition->pos;
                    ++bs->app_count;
                    partition_usage = "OTA app";
                }
                else {
                    partition_usage = "Unknown app";
                }
                break;
            }
            break; /* PART_TYPE_APP */
        case PART_TYPE_DATA: /* data partition */
            switch(partition->subtype) {
            case PART_SUBTYPE_DATA_OTA: /* ota data */
                bs->ota_info = partition->pos;
                partition_usage = "OTA data";
                break;
            case PART_SUBTYPE_DATA_RF:
                partition_usage = "RF data";
                break;
            case PART_SUBTYPE_DATA_WIFI:
                partition_usage = "WiFi data";
                break;
            default:
                partition_usage = "Unknown data";
                break;
            }
            break; /* PARTITION_USAGE_DATA */
        default: /* other partition type */
            break;
        }

        /* print partition type info */
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "%2d %-16s %-16s %02x %02x %08x %08x", i, partition->label, partition_usage,
                 partition->type, partition->subtype,
                 partition->pos.offset, partition->pos.size);
    }

    bootloader_munmap(partitions);

    ESP_LOGI(TAG,"End of partition table");
    return true;
}

/* Given a partition index, return the partition position data from the bootloader_state_t structure */
static esp_partition_pos_t index_to_partition(const bootloader_state_t *bs, int index)
{
    if (index == FACTORY_INDEX) {
        return bs->factory;
    }

    if (index == TEST_APP_INDEX) {
        return bs->test;
    }

    if (index >= 0 && index < MAX_OTA_SLOTS && index < bs->app_count) {
        return bs->ota[index];
    }

    esp_partition_pos_t invalid = { 0 };
    return invalid;
}

static void log_invalid_app_partition(int index)
{
    const char *not_bootable = " is not bootable"; /* save a few string literal bytes */
    switch(index) {
    case FACTORY_INDEX:
        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Factory app partition%s", not_bootable);
        break;
    case TEST_APP_INDEX:
        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Factory test app partition%s", not_bootable);
        break;
    default:
        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "OTA app partition slot %d%s", index, not_bootable);
        break;
    }
}

int bootloader_utility_get_selected_boot_partition(const bootloader_state_t *bs)
{
    esp_ota_select_entry_t sa,sb;
    const esp_ota_select_entry_t *ota_select_map;

    if (bs->ota_info.offset != 0) {
        // partition table has OTA data partition
        if (bs->ota_info.size < 2 * SPI_SEC_SIZE) {
            ESP_LOGE(TAG, "ota_info partition size %d is too small (minimum %d bytes)", bs->ota_info.size, sizeof(esp_ota_select_entry_t));
            return INVALID_INDEX; // can't proceed
        }

        ESP_LOGD(TAG, "OTA data offset 0x%x", bs->ota_info.offset);
        ota_select_map = bootloader_mmap(bs->ota_info.offset, bs->ota_info.size);
        if (!ota_select_map) {
            ESP_LOGE(TAG, "bootloader_mmap(0x%x, 0x%x) failed", bs->ota_info.offset, bs->ota_info.size);
            return INVALID_INDEX; // can't proceed
        }
        memcpy(&sa, ota_select_map, sizeof(esp_ota_select_entry_t));
        memcpy(&sb, (uint8_t *)ota_select_map + SPI_SEC_SIZE, sizeof(esp_ota_select_entry_t));
        bootloader_munmap(ota_select_map);

        ESP_LOGD(TAG, "OTA sequence values A 0x%08x B 0x%08x", sa.ota_seq, sb.ota_seq);
        if ((sa.ota_seq == UINT32_MAX && sb.ota_seq == UINT32_MAX) || (bs->app_count == 0)) {
            ESP_LOGD(TAG, "OTA sequence numbers both empty (all-0xFF) or partition table does not have bootable ota_apps (app_count=%d)", bs->app_count);
            if (bs->factory.offset != 0) {
                ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Defaulting to factory image");
                return FACTORY_INDEX;
            } else {
                ESP_LOGI(TAG, "No factory image, trying OTA 0");
                return 0;
            }
        } else  {
            bool ota_valid = false;
            const char *ota_msg;
            int ota_seq; // Raw OTA sequence number. May be more than # of OTA slots
            if(bootloader_common_ota_select_valid(&sa) && bootloader_common_ota_select_valid(&sb)) {
                ota_valid = true;
                ota_msg = "Both OTA values";
                ota_seq = MAX(sa.ota_seq, sb.ota_seq) - 1;
            } else if(bootloader_common_ota_select_valid(&sa)) {
                ota_valid = true;
                ota_msg = "Only OTA sequence A is";
                ota_seq = sa.ota_seq - 1;
            } else if(bootloader_common_ota_select_valid(&sb)) {
                ota_valid = true;
                ota_msg = "Only OTA sequence B is";
                ota_seq = sb.ota_seq - 1;
            }

            if (ota_valid) {
                int ota_slot = ota_seq % bs->app_count; // Actual OTA partition selection
                ESP_LOGD(TAG, "%s valid. Mapping seq %d -> OTA slot %d", ota_msg, ota_seq, ota_slot);
                return ota_slot;
            } else if (bs->factory.offset != 0) {
                ESP_LOGE(TAG, "ota data partition invalid, falling back to factory");
                return FACTORY_INDEX;
            } else {
                ESP_LOGE(TAG, "ota data partition invalid and no factory, will try all partitions");
                return FACTORY_INDEX;
            }
        }
    }

    // otherwise, start from factory app partition and let the search logic
    // proceed from there
    return FACTORY_INDEX;
}

/* Return true if a partition has a valid app image that was successfully loaded */
static bool try_load_partition(const esp_partition_pos_t *partition, esp_image_metadata_t *data)
{
    if (partition->size == 0) {
        ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Can't boot from zero-length partition");
        return false;
    }
#ifdef BOOTLOADER_BUILD
    if (bootloader_load_image(partition, data) == ESP_OK) {
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Loaded app from partition at offset 0x%x",
                 partition->offset);
        return true;
    }
#endif

    return false;
}

#define TRY_LOG_FORMAT "Trying partition index %d offs 0x%x size 0x%x"

void bootloader_utility_load_boot_image(const bootloader_state_t *bs, int start_index)
{
    int index = start_index;
    esp_partition_pos_t part;
    esp_image_metadata_t image_data;

    if(start_index == TEST_APP_INDEX) {
        if (try_load_partition(&bs->test, &image_data)) {
            load_image(&image_data);
        } else {
            ESP_LOGE(TAG, "No bootable test partition in the partition table");
            bootloader_reset();
        }
    }

    /* work backwards from start_index, down to the factory app */
    for(index = start_index; index >= FACTORY_INDEX; index--) {
        part = index_to_partition(bs, index);
        if (part.size == 0) {
            continue;
        }
        ESP_LOGD(TAG, TRY_LOG_FORMAT, index, part.offset, part.size);
        if (try_load_partition(&part, &image_data)) {
            load_image(&image_data);
        }
        log_invalid_app_partition(index);
    }

    /* failing that work forwards from start_index, try valid OTA slots */
    for(index = start_index + 1; index < bs->app_count; index++) {
        part = index_to_partition(bs, index);
        if (part.size == 0) {
            continue;
        }
        ESP_LOGD(TAG, TRY_LOG_FORMAT, index, part.offset, part.size);
        if (try_load_partition(&part, &image_data)) {
            load_image(&image_data);
        }
        log_invalid_app_partition(index);
    }

    if (try_load_partition(&bs->test, &image_data)) {
        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Falling back to test app as only bootable partition");
        load_image(&image_data);
    }

    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "No bootable app partitions in the partition table");
    bzero(&image_data, sizeof(esp_image_metadata_t));
    bootloader_reset();
}

// Copy loaded segments to RAM, set up caches for mapped segments, and start application.
static void load_image(const esp_image_metadata_t* image_data)
{
#if defined(CONFIG_SECURE_BOOT_ENABLED) || defined(CONFIG_FLASH_ENCRYPTION_ENABLED)
    esp_err_t err;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SECURE_BOOT_ENABLED
    /* Generate secure digest from this bootloader to protect future
       modifications */
    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Checking secure boot...");
    err = esp_secure_boot_permanently_enable();
    if (err != ESP_OK) {
        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Bootloader digest generation failed (%d). SECURE BOOT IS NOT ENABLED.", err);
        /* Allow booting to continue, as the failure is probably
           due to user-configured EFUSEs for testing...
        */
    }
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_FLASH_ENCRYPTION_ENABLED
    /* encrypt flash */
    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Checking flash encryption...");
    bool flash_encryption_enabled = esp_flash_encryption_enabled();
    err = esp_flash_encrypt_check_and_update();
    if (err != ESP_OK) {
        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Flash encryption check failed (%d).", err);
        return;
    }

    if (!flash_encryption_enabled && esp_flash_encryption_enabled()) {
        /* Flash encryption was just enabled for the first time,
           so issue a system reset to ensure flash encryption
           cache resets properly */
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Resetting with flash encryption enabled...");
        bootloader_reset();
    }
#endif

    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Disabling RNG early entropy source...");
    bootloader_random_disable();

    // copy loaded segments to RAM, set up caches for mapped segments, and start application
    unpack_load_app(image_data);
}

static void unpack_load_app(const esp_image_metadata_t* data)
{
    uint32_t drom_addr = 0;
    uint32_t drom_load_addr = 0;
    uint32_t drom_size = 0;
    uint32_t irom_addr = 0;
    uint32_t irom_load_addr = 0;
    uint32_t irom_size = 0;

    // Find DROM & IROM addresses, to configure cache mappings
    for (int i = 0; i < data->image.segment_count; i++) {
        const esp_image_segment_header_t *header = &data->segments[i];
        if (header->load_addr >= SOC_IROM_LOW && header->load_addr < SOC_IROM_HIGH) {
            if (drom_addr != 0) {
                ESP_LOGE(TAG, MAP_ERR_MSG, "DROM");
            } else {
                ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Mapping segment %d as %s", i, "DROM");
            }
            drom_addr = data->segment_data[i];
            drom_load_addr = header->load_addr;
            drom_size = header->data_len;
        }
        if (header->load_addr >= SOC_DROM_LOW && header->load_addr < SOC_DROM_HIGH) {
            if (irom_addr != 0) {
                ESP_LOGE(TAG, MAP_ERR_MSG, "IROM");
            } else {
                ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Mapping segment %d as %s", i, "IROM");
            }
            irom_addr = data->segment_data[i];
            irom_load_addr = header->load_addr;
            irom_size = header->data_len;
        }
    }

    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "calling set_cache_and_start_app");
    set_cache_and_start_app(drom_addr,
        drom_load_addr,
        drom_size,
        irom_addr,
        irom_load_addr,
        irom_size,
        data->image.entry_addr);
}

static void set_cache_and_start_app(
    uint32_t drom_addr,
    uint32_t drom_load_addr,
    uint32_t drom_size,
    uint32_t irom_addr,
    uint32_t irom_load_addr,
    uint32_t irom_size,
    uint32_t entry_addr)
{
    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "configure drom and irom and start");
    Cache_Read_Disable( 0 );
    Cache_Flush( 0 );

    /* Clear the MMU entries that are already set up,
       so the new app only has the mappings it creates.
    */
    for (int i = 0; i < DPORT_FLASH_MMU_TABLE_SIZE; i++) {
        DPORT_PRO_FLASH_MMU_TABLE[i] = DPORT_FLASH_MMU_TABLE_INVALID_VAL;
    }

    uint32_t drom_page_count = (drom_size + 64*1024 - 1) / (64*1024); // round up to 64k
    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "d mmu set paddr=%08x vaddr=%08x size=%d n=%d", drom_addr & 0xffff0000, drom_load_addr & 0xffff0000, drom_size, drom_page_count );
    int rc = cache_flash_mmu_set( 0, 0, drom_load_addr & 0xffff0000, drom_addr & 0xffff0000, 64, drom_page_count );
    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "rc=%d", rc );
    rc = cache_flash_mmu_set( 1, 0, drom_load_addr & 0xffff0000, drom_addr & 0xffff0000, 64, drom_page_count );
    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "rc=%d", rc );
    uint32_t irom_page_count = (irom_size + 64*1024 - 1) / (64*1024); // round up to 64k
    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "i mmu set paddr=%08x vaddr=%08x size=%d n=%d", irom_addr & 0xffff0000, irom_load_addr & 0xffff0000, irom_size, irom_page_count );
    rc = cache_flash_mmu_set( 0, 0, irom_load_addr & 0xffff0000, irom_addr & 0xffff0000, 64, irom_page_count );
    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "rc=%d", rc );
    rc = cache_flash_mmu_set( 1, 0, irom_load_addr & 0xffff0000, irom_addr & 0xffff0000, 64, irom_page_count );
    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "rc=%d", rc );
    DPORT_REG_CLR_BIT( DPORT_PRO_CACHE_CTRL1_REG, (DPORT_PRO_CACHE_MASK_IRAM0) | (DPORT_PRO_CACHE_MASK_IRAM1 & 0) | (DPORT_PRO_CACHE_MASK_IROM0 & 0) | DPORT_PRO_CACHE_MASK_DROM0 | DPORT_PRO_CACHE_MASK_DRAM1 );
    DPORT_REG_CLR_BIT( DPORT_APP_CACHE_CTRL1_REG, (DPORT_APP_CACHE_MASK_IRAM0) | (DPORT_APP_CACHE_MASK_IRAM1 & 0) | (DPORT_APP_CACHE_MASK_IROM0 & 0) | DPORT_APP_CACHE_MASK_DROM0 | DPORT_APP_CACHE_MASK_DRAM1 );
    Cache_Read_Enable( 0 );

    // Application will need to do Cache_Flush(1) and Cache_Read_Enable(1)

    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "start: 0x%08x", entry_addr);
    typedef void (*entry_t)(void) __attribute__((noreturn));
    entry_t entry = ((entry_t) entry_addr);

    // TODO: we have used quite a bit of stack at this point.
    // use "movsp" instruction to reset stack back to where ROM stack starts.
    (*entry)();
}


void bootloader_reset(void)
{
#ifdef BOOTLOADER_BUILD
    uart_tx_flush(0);    /* Ensure any buffered log output is displayed */
    uart_tx_flush(1);
    ets_delay_us(1000); /* Allow last byte to leave FIFO */
    REG_WRITE(RTC_CNTL_OPTIONS0_REG, RTC_CNTL_SW_SYS_RST);
    while (1) { }       /* This line will never be reached, used to keep gcc happy */
#else
    abort();            /* This function should really not be called from application code */
#endif
}