ESP32 integrates two 12-bit SAR ("Successive Approximation Register") ADCs (Analog to Digital Converters) and supports measurements on 18 channels (analog enabled pins). Some of these pins can be used to build a programmable gain amplifier which is used for the measurement of small
analog signals.
The ADC driver API currently only supports ADC1 (9 channels, attached to GPIOs 32-39).
Taking an ADC reading involves configuring the ADC with the desired precision and attentuation settings, and then calling adc1_get_voltage() to read the channel.
It is also possible to read the internal hall effect sensor via ADC1.